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目的调查磐安县女性23种人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)基因型的分子流行病学特征,为宫颈癌防治提供依据。方法用PCR-反向点杂交技术对3 532名妇科就诊妇女的宫颈脱落细胞标本进行23种HPV基因分型检测,分析HPV感染率、基因型及年龄分布特点。结果 3 532份宫颈脱落细胞标本中共检出HPV感染892份,总感染率为25.25%,其中单亚型感染率为21.57%、多重型感染率为3.68%。23种HPV亚型除HPV73、83外均有检出,各亚型累计检出1 040人次,以HPV高危型为主,HPV高危型感染率为26.33%,HPV低危型感染率为3.11%。感染率位列前5位的亚型均为高危型,依次为HPV16、58、52、33和18,其构成比分别为19.13%、14.42%、13.37%、6.63%和6.44%。18~25岁和>50岁年龄段妇女HPV感染高发,不同年龄段HPV感染率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论磐安县女性HPV感染率较高,以高危型单一感染为主。
Objective To investigate the molecular epidemiological characteristics of 23 human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes in Pan’an County and provide the basis for prevention and treatment of cervical cancer. Methods Twenty-three kinds of HPV genotyping were detected in 3 532 cervical exfoliated cells from gynecological clinic by PCR-reverse dot blot hybridization. HPV infection rate, genotype and age distribution were analyzed. Results A total of 892 HPV infections were detected in 3 532 cervical exfoliated cells. The total infection rate was 25.25%. The infection rate of single subtype was 21.57% and the multiple infection rate was 3.68%. Twenty-three HPV subtypes were detected except HPV73 and 83, and 1,040 subtypes were detected in all the subtypes. The high-risk type of HPV was HPV-infected, the high-risk HPV infection was 26.33% and the low-risk HPV infection was 3.11% . The infection rate of the top five subtypes were all high-risk type, followed by HPV16,58,52,33 and 18, the constituent ratios were 19.13%, 14.42%, 13.37%, 6.63% and 6.44% respectively. Women aged 18 ~ 25 years and> 50 years old had high incidence of HPV infection, and HPV infection rates among different age groups were statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusions The female HPV infection rate in Pan’an County is high, mainly in high-risk single infection.