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目的分析黑龙江省基层疾病预防控制机构(简称疾控机构)应急人员卫生应急预案编制现状及其影响因素,为有效提高其预案编制能力提供科学依据。方法对黑龙江省代表性的10个市的市级、区县级疾控机构1 033名应急工作人员进行调查,数据采用描述性分析、χ2检验和多因素logistic回归等统计方法进行分析。结果黑龙江省10个市的市、区县级疾控机构制定的188个典型预案中,主动制订的预案占43.1%,在预案编制前有47.9%成立了跨部门的预案编制小组,所有预案编制中只有36.2%进行了风险分析,58.0%进行了应急能力评估;多因素logistic回归分析表明,疾控机构应急人员预案编制能的主要影响因素为受教育程度(OR=1.555)、年龄(OR=1.053)、卫生应急关键技术掌握程度(OR=4.704)、培训效果(OR=1.542)、单位应急处置能力(OR=1.909)。结论黑龙江基层疾控机构应急人员预案编制能力总体偏低,加强疾控机构的应急处置能力、增加相关培训、提高应急人员卫生应急关键技术掌握度可有效增强其卫生应急预案编制能力。
Objective To analyze the status quo and influencing factors of emergency response plans for emergency personnel in grassroots disease prevention and control agencies in Heilongjiang Province (hereinafter referred to as CDC), and provide scientific evidence for effective improvement of emergency response plans. Methods A total of 1,033 emergency workers at municipal, district and county CDC in 10 representative cities in Heilongjiang Province were investigated. The data were analyzed by descriptive analysis, χ2 test and multivariate logistic regression. Results Among the 188 typical plans made by CDC in 10 cities in Heilongjiang Province, 43.1% of the 188 cases were proactively planned and 47.9% were before the plan was prepared. All the plans were prepared Only 36.2% had risk analysis and 58.0% had emergency capability assessment. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the main influencing factors for the preparation of emergency personnel in CDC were education (OR = 1.555), age (OR = 1.053), the mastery degree of the key technologies of health emergency (OR = 4.704), the training effect (OR = 1.542) and the unit emergency response ability (OR = 1.909). Conclusion The preparation of contingency plans for grassroots CDC agencies in Heilongjiang is generally low, and the ability to deal with emergencies of CDC institutions is increased. Relevant training is increased to improve the mastery degree of key technologies for emergency response to emergencies so as to effectively enhance their preparedness for emergency response plans.