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为了降低地面测控系统的负担、提高深空探测器的导航效率,提出了基于星联网的航天器自主导航概念,对星联网的应用体系进行了设计。借助脉冲星、星间链路等手段实现星联网系统中基准航天器完全自主的高精度导航,用户航天器通过与基准航天器或其他用户航天器的交互通信与测量就可以实现自身状态估计。以地月转移任务为例,设计了星联网系统在地月空间的具体应用方案,分析了地月空间基准航天器的配置与自主导航方法,阐述了用户航天器的单层与多层导航策略。对基于脉冲星与星间链路观测的基准航天器自主导航进行了仿真,验证了观测基准航天器或者其他用户航天器时,地月转移段航天器自主导航的可行性。结果表明:基准航天器可以达到20 m的定位精度,用户航天器可以达到优于30 m的定位精度。基于星联网的航天器自主导航是可行的,发展星联网可以为我国构建天基自主基准导航系统提供有力支持。
In order to reduce the burden on the ground monitoring and control system and improve the navigation efficiency of the deep space probe, this paper proposes the concept of autonomous navigation based on the star network, and designs the application system of the star network. By means of pulsar and inter-satellite link, the navigation system in the satellite system can be completely autonomous high-precision navigation. The user spacecraft can realize its own state estimation through the interaction and measurement with the reference spacecraft or other user spacecraft. Taking the task of earth-moon transfer as an example, the specific application scheme of the satellite network system in the moon-earth space is designed. The configuration and autonomous navigation methods of the spacecraft reference spacecraft are analyzed. The single and multi-layer navigation strategies of the user spacecraft . Autonomous navigation of a reference spacecraft based on observations of pulsars and interstellar links is simulated to verify the feasibility of autonomous navigation of the moon-to-ground transfer spacecraft when observing a reference spacecraft or other user spacecraft. The results show that the reference spacecraft can achieve the positioning accuracy of 20 m and the user spacecraft can achieve the positioning accuracy of better than 30 m. Spacecraft autonomous navigation based on satellite network is feasible, and the development of satellite network can provide strong support for our country to build space-based autonomous reference navigation system.