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《汉语大字典》是目前收女部字最多的字典。本文从字典中的女部字入手,以义项为线索,经过分类整理,对汉字进行形义关系的分析。首先探讨了由女部字反映的社会变迁,从女部字的渊源看以女性为中心的远古社会风貌;其次,分别从表示恶劣品德、表示对古代妇女的各种贱称、与女子附庸地位相关的几类女部字等角度,阐述古代妇女地位低下,受歧视、侮辱;再次,列出对女性所褒扬和所贬斥的品行的两类字,分析针对女性的道德规范;最后,从表现妇女容貌外表以及举止神态的字,分析中国古代对女子的审美情趣。通过以上四个方面的分析,从中发现女部字当中蕴含着的历史文化信息。
“Chinese Dictionary” is currently the largest collection of the daughter of the word dictionary. This article starts with the female characters in the dictionary and takes the meaning items as the clue, after classifying and sorting, analyzes the relation between the characters and the shape. First of all, it discusses the social changes reflected by the female characters and the female-centered ancient social features from the origin of the female characters. Secondly, from the perspectives of expressing inferiority, expressing various inferior titles to the ancient women and women’s vassal status The author discusses the ancient women’s status as low, discriminated and insulted from the perspectives of women’s characters and other related categories; secondly, lists the two types of words complimenting and denigrating women’s conduct and analyzes the moral norms for women; finally, Women’s appearance and demeanor of the word, analysis of the ancient Chinese aesthetic taste of women. Through the analysis of the above four aspects, we can find out the historical and cultural information contained in the female characters.