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目的:了解铜陵市城区学龄前儿童的行为问题状况,探讨学龄前儿童行为问题的影响因素。方法:采用分层整群随机抽样方法,抽取铜陵市3区9所有代表性的幼儿园,共1 650名儿童,采用自行设计的一般人口学问卷和Conners父母症状问卷等对儿童家长进行问卷调查。结果:铜陵市城区学龄前儿童行为问题检出率为13.4%,女童检出率高于男童,冲动-多动行为最常见,其他依次为品行问题、心身障碍、焦虑、学习问题。影响学龄前儿童行为问题的可能因素有所在幼儿园的性质、胎龄大小、出生时有无并发症、母亲年龄、母亲吸烟状况、家庭气氛、健康状况、家庭经济条件、父亲工作忙碌程度、父亲冲动烦躁性格、母亲冲动烦躁性格。结论:铜陵市学龄前儿童行为问题比较普遍,多种因素与学龄前儿童行为问题有密切关系,需要采取综合措施才能降低儿童行为问题的发生率。
Objective: To understand the behavior of preschool children in Tongling City, and to explore the influencing factors of behavior problems of preschool children. Methods: A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to extract all representative kindergartens in 9 districts of Tongling City, with a total of 1 650 children. Questionnaires were conducted on parents of children using self-designed general population questionnaire and Conners Parents Symptom Questionnaire. Results: The detection rate of behavior problems among preschool children in Tongling City was 13.4%. The detection rate of girls was higher than that of boys. Impulsivity - hyperactivity behaviors were the most common. Other problems were behavior problems, psychosomatic disorders, anxiety and learning problems. The possible factors influencing pre-school children’s behavioral problems are the nature of the kindergarten, the size of the gestational age, the complications at birth, the age of the mother, the smoking status of the mother, family atmosphere, health status, family economic conditions, father’s busy work, father’s impulse Irritability, motivation impulsive mothers character. Conclusion: The behavior problems of preschool children in Tongling City are quite common. Many factors are closely related to the behavioral problems of preschool children. Comprehensive measures are needed to reduce the incidence of behavioral problems in children.