目的为缺乏安全用水的贫困地区设计一种砂滤式水净化处理洗手装置,以培养当地居民的良好个人卫生习惯,预防疾病的发生。方法选取坚固耐用、成本低廉的装置外壳材料,确定砂粒滤料的配比,按照GB/T 5750.12—2006《生活饮用水标准检验方法微生物指标》中规定的微生物指标检测方法对洗手装置加标水样进水、出水的菌落总数、大肠埃希菌、贾第鞭毛虫孢囊进行检测。结果装置外壳材料选用PP塑料板,砂粒滤料为40~100目,出水水样中菌落总数去除率可达约90%,大肠埃希菌、贾第鞭毛虫孢囊的去除率均为100%。结论该洗手装置可使用普通地表水作为进水,能满足多口之家一天的洗手用水量。该装置组建简单,滤料等可当地取材,成品易操作,适用于供水资源短缺地区或没有管道供水的居民生活使用。 AIM: To design a sand filter-type water purification hand-washing device for impoverished areas lacking safe water to cultivate good personal hygiene habits of local residents and prevent the occurrence of diseases. Methods The durable and low cost device shell material was selected to determine the ratio of sand filter media. According to the method of microbial index specified in GB / T 5750.12-2006 “Standard Test Method for Domestic Drinking Water” Like water, the total number of water colonies, Escherichia coli, Giardia cysts were detected. Results The device is made of PP plastic, the sand filter is 40 ~ 100 mesh, the removal rate of the total number of colonies in effluent water sample is up to 90%, and the removal rates of Escherichia coli and Giardia cysts are both 100% . Conclusion The hand-washing device can use ordinary surface water as feed water, which can meet the water consumption of hand-washing one day in multi-mouth home. The device is simple to set up, filter material can be drawn locally, the finished product easy to operate, suitable for water supply areas or lack of water supply pipe for residents to use.