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目的分析福建省钩端螺旋体病(钩体病)流行特点,为防制提供科学依据。方法运用流行病学调查方法对2000-2009年福建省两次钩体病暴发疫情进行统计分析。结果闽南某地钩体病暴发疫情是由外来人群因漂流接触疫水发病引起的,发病率44.11%。病人血清阳性率为100%,且早晚期抗体均4倍以上增长。健康人群血清抗体阳性率为26.63%。鼠类是主要传染源。霞浦某地钩体病暴发疫情是由易感人群清理荒芜稻田引发的,发病率61.70%,黄毛鼠是传染源,携带秋季群。病人血清阳性率为89.66%,抗体滴度高达1:25 600,26例患者早晚期抗体滴度显4倍以上增长,血清群均为秋季群与黄毛鼠携带菌型一致。结论漂流和旅游等非耕作性钩体病感染和废弃田再用时引起的钩体感染是福建省21世纪初钩体病局部暴发流行新动向。
Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of leptospirosis (leptospirosis) in Fujian Province and provide scientific evidence for prevention and control. Methods Epidemiological survey method was used to analyze the incidence of two leptospirosis in Fujian Province during 2000-2009. Results An outbreak of leptospirosis in some area of southern Fujian Province was caused by the floating population due to drifting contact with infected water, with a morbidity of 44.11%. Serum positive rate of 100%, and early and late antibodies were more than 4 times the growth. The positive rate of serum antibody in healthy population was 26.63%. Rodents are the main source of infection. In Xiapu, the outbreak of leptospirosis was caused by the clean-up of barren rice fields in susceptible populations. The incidence was 61.70%. Rattus rat was the source of infection and carried the autumn group. Serum positive rate of patients was 89.66%, antibody titer up to 1: 225 600, early and late antibody titers in 6 patients were 4 times more than the growth of serogroups are autumn group and rodent carriage consistent. Conclusions Leptospira infection caused by non-farming leptospirosis, such as drifting and traveling, and reuse of abandoned farmland are new trends in the outbreak of leptospirosis in Fujian Province in the early 21st century.