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目的了解2013年度厦门市低技术制造企业工人营养知识、态度、行为现状和影响因素,为在厦门市低技术制造企业开展营养健康教育提供依据。方法对厦门某低技术制作企业工人438名进行营养知识(K)、态度(A)和行为(P)调查,了解其营养KAP现状并分析影响因素。结果 14个营养知识条目中,知晓率达到50%的有10个条目。该企业营养知识知晓率为61.8%。女性职工得分高于男性职工(F=16.823,P<0.01);职工文化程度越高,得分越高(F=6.607,P<0.01)。该企业营养态度中“吃不喜欢但有营养的食物”积极态度持有率仅为21.9%。积极营养态度持有率为76.6%。营养知识得分越高,营养态度越积极(F=2.702,P<0.05)。营养行为近1个月以来经常吃早餐的工人占52.3%,积极营养行为持有率为68.0%。其中营养知识得分越高,营养行为越合理(F=21.922,P<0.01),营养态度得分越高,营养行为越合理(F=35.769,P<0.01);女职工营养行为比男职工更合理(F=13.071,P<0.01);不同文化程度的职工,营养行为有统计学差异(F=6.587,P<0.01)。结论该企业职工营养知识、态度、行为现状有待进一步提高和改善。其中性别、文化程度对营养知识水平有影响。营养知识对营养态度、行为的作用明显,而营养态度同样对营养有促进作用。由此可见,开展针对性的营养健康教育迫在眉睫。
Objective To understand the knowledge, attitude, behaviors and influencing factors of workers in low-technology manufacturing enterprises in Xiamen in 2013, and provide the basis for carrying out nutrition and health education in low-technology manufacturing enterprises in Xiamen. Methods A total of 438 workers from a low-tech manufacturing enterprise in Xiamen were investigated for nutritional knowledge (K), attitude (A) and behavior (P), and their nutritional KAP status was analyzed and the influencing factors were analyzed. Results Of the 14 nutrition knowledge items, there are 10 items with 50% awareness rate. The nutrition awareness of the enterprise was 61.8%. Female workers scored higher than male workers (F = 16.823, P <0.01). The higher the educational level, the higher the scores (F = 6.607, P <0.01). The company’s nutritional attitude “eat do not like but nutritious food ” positive attitude holds only 21.9%. Active nutrition attitude holding rate was 76.6%. The higher nutrition knowledge score, the more active the nutrition attitude (F = 2.702, P <0.05). Nutritional behaviors The number of workers who regularly eat breakfast nearly one month was 52.3%, and positive nutrition was 68.0%. Among them, the higher the score of nutrition knowledge, the more reasonable the nutrition behavior (F = 21.922, P <0.01), the higher the score of nutrition attitude, the more reasonable nutrition behavior (F = 35.769, P <0.01) (F = 13.071, P <0.01). There was a significant difference in nutritional behavior among workers with different educational level (F = 6.587, P <0.01). Conclusion The status quo of nutritional knowledge, attitude and behavior of workers in this enterprise need to be further improved and improved. Among them, gender and educational level have an impact on the level of nutritional knowledge. Nutritional knowledge has obvious effect on nutrition attitude and behavior, while nutrition attitude also promotes nutrition. This shows that targeted nutrition and health education is imminent.