一、日本钢结构房屋建筑的发展概况 19世纪以前,日本的房屋建筑均采用木结构,19世纪后引入欧洲建筑技术,逐渐采用了砖石和钢筋混凝土结构,19世纪末,开始在东京秀英舍印刷工场建造了第一座钢结构建筑,至20世纪60年代以后,钢结构建筑得到了迅速发展,钢结构建筑面积从1960年近800万m~2,猛增到1973年的8000多万m~2(图1),与同期建造的钢筋混凝土结构的建筑面积相比,从1960年的0.7:1跃升到1973年1.4:1的领先地位。到1979年房屋钢结构的钢材消费量超过了800万t,近几年一直大体保持在700多万t年消费量水平,约占全国钢材总消费量的11％～12％(表1)。 1. Overview of the Development of Japanese Steel House Buildings Prior to the 19th century, Japanese houses were constructed with wooden structures. After the 19th century, Europe’s architectural techniques were introduced and gradually adopted masonry and reinforced concrete structures. At the end of the 19th century, printing began in Tokyo. The first steel structure was built in the workshop. Since the 1960s, the steel structure construction has been rapidly developed. The steel structure construction area has increased from nearly 8 million m 2 in 1960 to more than 80 million m in 1973. 2 (Figure 1), compared with the construction area of ​​reinforced concrete structures built during the same period, jumped from 0.7:1 in 1960 to 1.4:1 in 1973. By 1979, the consumption of steel in housing steel structures exceeded 8 million tons. In recent years, it has been generally maintained at more than 7 million tons of annual consumption, accounting for about 11% to 12% of the country’s total steel consumption (Table 1).