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近10年来恶性肿瘤、脑血管病、心脏病位居我国城市人口死亡原因的前3位。由于缺乏有效的预防和控制方法,恶性肿瘤目前是人群平均寿命之前死亡的主要原因。探索恶性肿瘤的危险因素以及发生和发展规律应是现代医学研究的重点。以社区为基础的恶性肿瘤流行病研究是准确确定各种恶性肿瘤发病率、死亡率及其变化趋势;评价我国社会恶性肿瘤疾病负担;探索病因及其进化规律;开展针对性疾病预防和评价治疗效果的基础。在恶性肿瘤的病因研究中,重点是环境危险因素和遗传易感性的动态交互作用,并在以社区为基础的队列研究中进一步确定病因,探索早发现和早诊断的关键生物学标记物。社区为基础的群体医学研究在评价医学干预对癌症生存影响方面具有独有的优势。加强社区医学基础建设在降低恶性肿瘤发生率,提高生存质量方面具有重要公共卫生意义。
In the past 10 years, malignant tumors, cerebrovascular diseases and heart diseases ranked among the top 3 causes of death in China's urban population. Due to the lack of effective prevention and control methods, malignant tumors are currently the leading cause of death before the average life expectancy of the population. To explore the risk factors of malignant tumors and the occurrence and development of the law should be the focus of modern medical research. Community-based research on the epidemiology of malignant tumors is to accurately determine the morbidity, mortality and trends of malignant neoplasms. To evaluate the burden of malignant tumors in our society, to explore the etiology and evolutionary rules, to carry out targeted disease prevention and evaluation and treatment The basis of the effect. In the etiology of malignant tumors, the focus is on the dynamic interaction of environmental risk factors and genetic predisposition and further identification of the etiology in community-based cohort studies to explore key biomarkers of early detection and early diagnosis. Community-based groups Medical research has unique advantages in assessing the impact of medical interventions on cancer survival. Strengthening community medical infrastructure has important public health significance in reducing the incidence of malignant tumors and improving the quality of life.