一、引言制造业是我国工业的绝对主力,1999-2001年制造业的资产总量、工业总值、销售收入、企业数量分别占全国工业总量的74.72%、86.92%、84.19%、88.75%。从上个世纪90年代初开始,在基本上告别工业品短缺后,我国制造业的发展在开放和竞争的环境中进入结构调整和产业提升的新时期。对中 I. Introduction Manufacturing is the absolute main force of China’s industry. From 1999 to 2001, total assets, gross industrial output, sales revenue and the number of enterprises in the manufacturing industry accounted for 74.72%, 86.92%, 84.19% and 88.75% of the national total respectively. . Since the beginning of the early 1990s, basically after bidding off the shortage of industrial products, the development of China’s manufacturing industry has entered a new period of structural adjustment and industrial upgrading in an open and competitive environment. Right