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比较文学学界普遍认为,约瑟夫·戴克斯特写出了比较文学学科领域第一部博士论文,成为比较文学第一位学科教授。保罗·梵·第根、胡戈·狄泽林克等不少学者坚信戴克斯特为比较文学的学科发展立下了汗马功劳。然而在我国大陆出版的比较文学教材中,多部教材在描述比较文学的发展历史、渊源时忽略了戴克斯特的贡献,不少教材中有关戴克斯特的介绍出现了种种讹误,而戴克斯特对于比较文学学科的重要论述,中国大陆学者直到目前也没有对其进行翻译,使得戴克斯特的学术成就及学术观点很难被学生直观地了解。本文从戴克斯特对比较文学的贡献着手,对我国大陆比较文学教材关于戴克斯特的介绍所存在的问题及原因予以分析,同时结合其论著解读戴克斯特所提出的比较文学观念及方法。
Comparative literature scholars generally believe that Joseph Dexter wrote the first doctoral dissertation in the field of comparative literature, becoming the first subject professor of comparative literature. Many scholars, such as Paul van Dijon and Hugo Dizellink, firmly believe that Dexter has made a contribution to the development of comparative literature. However, in the textbooks for comparative literature published in mainland China, many textbooks neglected the contribution of Dexter in describing the development history and origin of comparative literature. In many textbooks, there are various kinds of corruptions in the introduction of Dexter, Dexter’s important discourse on comparative literature studies has not been translated by Chinese scholars until now, making Dexter’s academic achievements and academic opinions hard to be directly understood by students. This article starts with Deckost’s contribution to comparative literature and analyzes the problems and causes of the introduction of Deckster in the comparative literature in Mainland China. At the same time, it analyzes Dexton’s ideas of comparative literature And method.