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对参加第 3届全国大学生田径锦标赛的 80所高水平运动队试点院校、体育院校及普通高等院校的 848名运动员 (3 5个项目 )进行了运动创伤流行病学调查。结果显示 :848名运动员中 ,3 45名患有运动创伤 ,总患病率为 40 68% ;创伤患病率居前 5位的损伤分别为踝腓侧副韧带损伤(7 0 8% ) ,腰背肌肉筋膜炎 (5 90 % ) ,髌腱腱围炎 (4 48% ) ,绳肌损伤 (3 5 4% )和跖腱膜损伤(2 95 % ) ;损伤好发部位为踝 (2 3 2 8% )、腰 (2 0 1 7% )、大腿 (1 9 5 1 % )、膝 (1 0 2 0 % )和足 (8 87% ) ;损伤种类主要为韧带损伤 (2 4 61 % )、肌肉损伤(1 7 74% )、肌筋膜炎 (1 1 0 8% )、肌腱损伤 (1 0 2 0 % )和足跟痛(9 3 1 % ) ;损伤性质以急性损伤转慢性为主 (5 0 8% ) ;短跑患病率(4 0 3 5 % )明显高于中长跑 (9 3 1 % ) ;准备活动不足 (2 9 0 4% )和疲劳 (2 1 72 % )是造成运动创伤的主要因素。作者还就如何采取有效措施预防和减少运动创伤发生提出了建议。
An epidemiological investigation of sports trauma was conducted on 848 athletes (35 subjects) from 80 high-level sports teams participating in the 3rd National Students Track and Field Championships in the pilot colleges, sports colleges and universities. The results showed that among the 848 athletes, 3 45 patients had sports injuries, the total prevalence was 40 68%. The top 5 injuries were injuries of the ankle and collateral ligament (70.8%), (50%), pontine tendon inflammation (48%), hamstring injury (345%) and plantar fascia injury (95%). The injury site was ankle (2 32.8%), lumbar (21 7%), thigh (1 951%), knee (10 0%) and foot (8 87%). The main types of injuries were ligamentous injuries 4 61%), muscle injury (17 74%), myofascicitis (1108%), tendon injury (10 0%) and heel pain (9 3 1%). The nature of injury was acute The prevalence of injury was 50% (58.0%). The prevalence of drowsiness (40.3%) was significantly higher than that of middle and long distance (93.1%). Insufficient preparation (29.04%) and fatigue 72%) is the main factor causing sports trauma. The author also made recommendations on how to take effective measures to prevent and reduce the occurrence of sports injuries.