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为明确常用杀虫剂对松毛虫赤眼蜂Trichogramma dendrolimi的安全性,室内评估了高效氯氰菊酯、阿维菌素和氯虫苯甲酰胺3种药剂对其成蜂的急性毒力以及田间推荐使用剂量对赤眼蜂各发育阶段的间接影响,并模拟自然情况,测定了不同残留期的3种药剂对赤眼蜂存活和寄生能力的影响。结果表明:以LC50进行评估,对松毛虫赤眼蜂毒力最高的为阿维菌素,其次是高效氯氰菊酯,氯虫苯甲酰胺毒力最小;在田间推荐使用剂量下,阿维菌素、高效氯氰菊酯和氯虫苯甲酰胺的安全系数分别为0.017、0.066和69.175;在推荐使用剂量下,氯虫苯甲酰胺处理含有不同发育阶段赤眼蜂的米蛾Corcyra cephalonica卵后,平均羽化率最高为90.43%,其次是高效氯氰菊酯为56.46%,阿维菌素仅为9.84%;接触0~7 d残留期阿维菌素的玉米叶片24 h,松毛虫赤眼蜂全部死亡,无米蛾卵被寄生,但接触3~7 d残留期氯虫苯甲酰胺的玉米叶片,赤眼蜂的死亡率和寄生米蛾卵数量与清水对照无明显差异。表明在实施释放赤眼蜂的害虫综合治理方案中,应尽量避免使用阿维菌素,而氯虫苯甲酰胺对赤眼蜂风险性极低,具有很好的相容性,可以推广使用。
In order to clarify the safety of commonly used insecticides on trichogramma dendrolimi, the acute toxicity of beta-cypermethrin, abamectin and chlorantraniliprole to bee adults and the recommended dosage The indirect effects on the developmental stages of Trichogramma and Trichogramma were simulated and the natural conditions were tested. The effects of three pesticides with different residual periods on the survival and parasitism of Trichogramma were studied. The results showed that the highest toxicity to Trichogramma dendrolimi was abamectin with LC50, followed by beta-cypermethrin and chloroquine-benzamide with the lowest toxicity. In the field recommended dose, abamectin, The safety coefficients of beta-cypermethrin and chlorantraniliprole were 0.017, 0.066 and 69.175, respectively. At the recommended dosage, the highest emergence rate was observed when chloramphenicol was applied on Corcyra cephalonica eggs containing Trichogramma Was 90.43%, followed by beta-cypermethrin was 56.46% and avermectin was only 9.84%. After exposure to avermectin maize leaves for 0 ~ 7 days, all the Trichogramma dendrolimi died, However, there was no significant difference between the mortality of Trichogramma and the number of parasitized moth eggs exposed to chlorantraniliprole in corn leaves exposed to 3-7 days. The results showed that avermectin should be avoided in the comprehensive pest management program of Trichogramma decumbens, and Chlordiazepior not only possessed very low risk to Trichogramma, but also had good compatibility and could be used widely.