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目的分析成都市2009-2013年围生儿出生缺陷现状及影响因素,有针对性地开展和完善切实可行的干预措施,以降低出生缺陷发生率。方法根据中国出生缺陷医院监测方案,采用以医院为基础的监测方法收集资料,调查对象为孕28周至产后7 d住院分娩的围生儿,包括活产、死胎和死产和7 d内死亡的新生儿。对2009年10月-2013年9月成都市出生缺陷监测系统收集的资料进行回顾性分析。结果成都市2009-2013年出生缺陷发生率为170.3/万,呈明显降低趋势。出生缺陷发生率位于前五位的分别是:外耳畸形(34.38/万),先天性心脏病(22.21/万),多指趾(19.27/万),总唇裂(9.96/万)和小耳畸形(7.79/万)。男性出生缺陷发生率(190.58/万)明显高于女性出生缺陷发生率(146.67/万)。随着孕产妇年龄的增加,出生缺陷发生率明显增高。结论成都市从2009年到2013年全部出生缺陷的发生率明显降低,但个别出生缺陷发生率有所升高。针对不同的出生缺陷种类以及影响出生缺陷发生的高危因素,制定更有针对性的干预措施,对出生缺陷发生进行有效干预,做好出生缺陷三级预防工作势在必行。
Objective To analyze the status and influencing factors of birth defects in perinatal infants from 2009 to 2013 in Chengdu, and to carry out and improve practicable interventions targeted to reduce the incidence of birth defects. Methods According to the monitoring program of Chinese birth defects hospital, the hospital-based monitoring methods were used to collect data on perinatal children born in hospital from 28 weeks pregnant to 7 days postpartum, including live birth, stillbirth and death within 7 days Newborns. The data collected from Chengdu Birth Defective Monitoring System from October 2009 to September 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. Results The incidence of birth defects in Chengdu from 2009 to 2013 was 170.3 / million, showing a significant decrease trend. The incidence of birth defects in the top five are: deformity of the outer ear (34.38 / million), congenital heart disease (22.21 /), multiple finger toes (19.27 / million), total cleft lip (9.96 / 7.79 / million). The incidence of male birth defects (190.58 / million) was significantly higher than the incidence of female birth defects (146.67 / million). With the increase of maternal age, the incidence of birth defects was significantly increased. Conclusion The overall incidence of birth defects in Chengdu decreased significantly from 2009 to 2013, but the incidence of individual birth defects increased. In view of different types of birth defects and the risk factors that affect the occurrence of birth defects, it is imperative to formulate more targeted interventions, effectively intervene in the occurrence of birth defects and make tertiary prevention of birth defects.