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为客观评估复杂多层建筑物的人员疏散效率,以一个3层地铁站为例,用City Flow流微观人员疏散模型模拟不同疏散场景,量化分析人员分布情况、电梯操作方式、人员寻路行为3方面的场景设置变数对疏散结果的影响,提出楼层疏散效率概念,探讨多楼层建筑结构人员疏散过程中如何摆脱疏散场景设置的变数,客观评价建筑结构自身的疏散效率。结果表明:增加手扶电梯E3使疏散时间减少9.8%,让大多数人选择楼梯S2可减少16.9%的疏散时间;距离安全出口越远的区域受疏散场景调整的影响越大,整体疏散效率的提高取决于所有疏散通道之间的相互平衡和配合;楼层疏散效率能反映各楼层自身属性,是客观有效的评价指标。
In order to objectively evaluate the evacuation efficiency of complex multi-storey buildings, take a 3-story subway station as an example and simulate different evacuation scenarios with City Flow flow microclimate evacuation model to quantitatively analyze personnel distribution, elevator operation mode, In this paper, we put forward the concept of floor evacuation efficiency, discuss how to get rid of the variables set in evacuation scene during evacuation of multi-storey building structure, and objectively evaluate evacuation efficiency of building structure. The results showed that the increase of escalator E3 reduced the evacuation time by 9.8%, and most people chose stairway S2 to reduce the evacuation time by 16.9%. The area further away from the safety exit was affected by the adjustment of evacuation scene and the overall evacuation efficiency The improvement depends on the balance and coordination between all evacuation routes. The evacuation efficiency of floors can reflect the attributes of each floor and is an objective and effective evaluation index.