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为引进和筛选适于黑龙江省大庆地区栽培的蓖麻优良品种,在常规栽培和覆膜栽培条件下,开展了蓖麻不同品种的适应性研究。结果表明,在大庆地区供试蓖麻品种分别表现为中晚(淄蓖麻6号)及晚熟(淄蓖麻5号和淄蓖麻8号)特性,3个品种均可正常生长发育、开花结实,且具良好的抗倒伏、抗病虫能力。覆膜栽培可提早出苗,加快生育进程,改善茎秆生长、分枝能力、穗部性状和结果能力等生长发育性状,显著提高蓖麻产量31.58%~42.81%,其中淄蓖麻5号和6号产量分别为3 048.70 kg·hm-2和2 849.61 kg·hm-2,显著高于淄蓖麻8号(2 431.33 kg·hm-2)。中晚熟品种淄蓖麻6号可通过研究与应用密植技术,进一步提升其主穗和一级穗的数量,充分发挥产量潜力;针对晚熟品种淄蓖麻5号和8号,可研究应用适时早播和促熟技术,延长生长周期,提高籽粒成熟度与产量。
In order to introduce and screen the suitable castor varieties cultivated in Daqing area of Heilongjiang province, the adaptability research of different varieties of castor was carried out under the condition of conventional cultivation and covered cultivation. The results showed that the tested castor cultivars showed the characteristics of mid-late (Zi-Castor No.6) and late-maturing (Zi-Castor No.5 and Zi-Castor No.8) in Daqing. All three cultivars could grow normally and bloom Strong, and good lodging resistance, pest resistance. Film-mulching can be early emergence, to speed up the process of growth and improve the growth and development traits such as stem growth, branching ability, ear traits and fruit yield ability, significantly increase the output of castor 31.58% ~ 42.81%, of which Zi-castor 5 and 6 Were 3 048.70 kg · hm-2 and 2 849.61 kg · hm-2, respectively, which was significantly higher than that of Zi-Castor 8 (2 431.33 kg · hm-2). The middle-late maturing variety Zi Castor No. 6 can further increase its main spike and primary spike number through full research and application of close planting techniques to give full play to its yield potential. For the late-maturing varieties Zi Castor No. 5 and No. 8, Sowing and ripening techniques to prolong the growth cycle and improve grain maturity and yield.