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鸡粪中有大量的含氮有机物,这些含氮有机物在微生物的分解代谢活动下会释放出氨气,氨气挥发不仅污染环境,同时也是一种氮素的浪费。以减少氨气释放量、保持粪便肥效为目的,从鸡粪中分离获得1株可快速转化氨氮的细菌,命名为YX3。VITEK系统鉴定表明,菌株YX3与鲍曼不动杆菌的相似度为99%,并结合菌株的形态特征、生理生化特性,初步鉴定菌株YX3属于鲍曼不动杆菌,该菌株不产硫化氢、不进行反硝化。扩散皿试验表明,与对照相比,菌株YX3对降低氨气释放具有明显且稳定的效果,其氨减释率为81.11%。在以(NH_4)_2SO_4为氮源时,菌株YX3在48 h内将培养基中84.65%的氨氮转化为硝酸盐氮。菌株YX3在以蛋白胨为氮源时,可将蛋白胨分解产生的氨氮迅速转化为硝酸盐氮,最终培养液中有133.72 mg/L硝酸盐氮的积累。与对照相比,菌株YX3在鸡粪模拟试验中氨气挥发下降84.46%,且氨减释效果保持时间较长。以上研究结果说明,菌株YX3在减少氨气挥发、为畜禽生长提供良好环境、降低畜禽废弃物中氮素损失及保持粪便肥效等方面有较好的应用潜力。
There is a large amount of nitrogenous organic matter in chicken manure. These nitrogenous organic compounds release ammonia under the action of microbial catabolism. Ammonia volatilization not only pollutes the environment but also is a waste of nitrogen. In order to reduce the release of ammonia and maintain the efficiency of excrement, a bacterium which can rapidly transform ammonia nitrogen was isolated from chicken manure and named as YX3. VITEK system identification showed that strain YX3 and Acinetobacter baumannii 99% similarity, combined with the morphological characteristics of the strain, the physiological and biochemical characteristics of the initial identification of strain YX3 belongs to Acinetobacter baumannii, the strain does not produce hydrogen sulfide, not Denitrification. Diffusion dish experiments showed that compared with the control, strain YX3 has obvious and stable effect of reducing ammonia release with an ammonia reduction rate of 81.11%. When using (NH 4) 2 SO 4 as nitrogen source, strain YX3 transformed 84.65% ammonia nitrogen in the medium into nitrate nitrogen within 48 h. When peptone was used as nitrogen source, strain YX3 could rapidly convert ammonia nitrogen produced by peptone decomposition into nitrate nitrogen and eventually accumulated 133.72 mg / L nitrate nitrogen in the culture broth. Compared with the control, the strain YX3 showed a 84.46% reduction of ammonia volatilization in the chicken manure simulation test, and the ammonia release effect was retained for a long time. The above results show that the strain YX3 has good potential in reducing ammonia volatilization, providing a good environment for livestock and poultry growth, reducing nitrogen loss in livestock waste and maintaining manure efficiency.