全身性药物治疗常规方法是通过口服和非肠道(静注、肌注或皮下)的途径。最近发现全身性有效的药物也能应用局部透皮给药而通过完整的皮肤达到全身的作用。当要求全身性药物治疗,因为潜在着胃肠道刺激和(或)肝脏首过作用与全身生物利用度相关的问题,以致非肠、道给药可能不满意或不现实,而口服给药也可能是不适当的。鉴于血 Conventional methods of systemic drug therapy are via oral and parenteral (intravenous, intramuscular or subcutaneous) routes. It has recently been found that systemic drugs can also reach the body through intact skin through topical transdermal administration. When systemic drug therapy is required, problems with parenteral administration may be unsatisfactory or impractical due to potential gastrointestinal irritation and / or first-pass liver function and systemic bioavailability issues, whereas oral administration also It may not be appropriate. Given the blood