[目的]为了解二棱大麦和多棱大麦对磷高效的差异,以及不同性状磷高效的差异,探讨棱型和农艺性状与磷高效的关系。[方法]分别在土壤有效磷质量分数为1.32和36.6 mg/kg的条件下,对172个大麦品种其中国外大麦二棱的有79个,多棱22个,国内二棱58个,多棱13个进行磷高效相关性状的差异比较研究,调查株高,穗长,实粒数,秕粒数,主穗重,总穗重,总杆重,地上重,抽穗期并进行相关统计分析。[结果]结果发现,除秕粒数,抽穗期为施肥>不施肥,其余性状都为施肥>不施肥。不施肥情况下株高,穗长,地上重,抽穗期差异大,而在施肥情况下实粒数,秕粒数,总杆重等性状差异大。二棱大麦中,除株高、实粒数是国内>国外,其余性状穗长,秕粒数,主穗重,总穗重,总杆重,地上重,抽穗期都是国外>国内;穗长和地上重两个性状在多棱和二棱大麦中是国外>国内;多棱大麦中,株高、秕粒数、总穗重、总杆重在不施肥情况下是国外>国内,在施肥情况下是国内>国外;多棱大麦中,实粒数、主穗重、抽穗期在不施肥情况下是国内>国外,在施肥情况下是国外>国内。[结论]抽穗期、实粒数、秕粒数、总杆重对磷高效更敏感,多棱大麦比二棱大麦对磷高效更敏感。 [Objective] The research aimed to understand the difference of phosphorus efficiency of two-rowed barley and polygamous barley, and the difference of phosphorus efficiency among different traits. [Method] With the content of soil available phosphorous of 1.32 and 36.6 mg / kg, respectively, 172 barley cultivars including 79 barley, 22 barley, 58 barley and 58 barley A comparative study on the differences of Efficient Phosphorus-related traits was carried out to investigate the correlation among plant height, spike length, grain number, grain number, main ear weight, total spike weight, total stem weight, aboveground weight and heading date. [Result] The results showed that in addition to the number of grains per plant, the heading stage was fertilization> no fertilization, and the rest of the traits were fertilization> no fertilization. The plant height, spike length, over ground weight and heading date had no significant difference under the condition of no fertilization. However, under the condition of fertilization, the number of grains, the number of grains per stem and the total stem weight varied greatly. In the two-rowed barley, except the plant height, the number of real grains is in China> abroad. The remaining characters are spike length, grain number, main spike weight, total spike weight, total stem weight, aboveground weight and heading date. In the polygamous barley, the two traits of long and aboveground weight were foreign> domestic; in polygamous barley, plant height, grain number, total spike weight and total stem weight were foreign> domestic, Under the condition of fertilization, it is domestic> abroad; in the polygamous barley, the number of real grains, the main spike weight and the heading date are both in China and abroad without fertilization, and abroad in the case of fertilization. [Conclusion] The heading date, grain number, grain number and total stem weight were more sensitive to phosphorus efficiency. Polygonal barley was more sensitive to phosphorus efficiency than that of two-rowed barley.