Objective: To construct SET gene recombinant adenovirus vector and SET gene small interfering RNA (SiRNA) recombinant adenovirus vector for over-expression or knock-down of SET levels.Methods: The cDNA sequence of SET was cloned by reverse transcriptive polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and the SET gene fragment was subcloned into adenovirus shuttle plasmid pAdTrack-CMV to construct the shuttle plasmid pAdTrack-SET. The shuttle plasmid pAdtrack-SET was transformed into BJ5183 cells with the adenoviral backbone pAdEasy-1 to obtain the homologous recombinant Ad-CMV-SET and the recombinant Ad-CMV-SET was packaged and amplified in the AD293 cells. The expression of SET in AD293 cells was detected by Western blot. In addition, we constructed SET gene SiRNA recombinant adenovirus vector (Ad-H1-SiRNA/SET) and its efficacy of knockdown of SET protein was detected in infected GC-2spd(ts) cells by Western blot. Results: The recombinant adenovirus vectors, both SET gene recombinant adenovirus vector Ad-CMV-SET and SET gene SiRNA recombinant adenovirus vector Ad-H1-SiRNA/SET, were proven to be constructed successfully by the evidence of endonulease digestion and sequencing. AD293 cells infected with either recombinant adenovirus vector of Ad-CMV-SET or Ad-H1-SiRNA/SET were observed to express GFP. The expression of SET protein was up-regulated significantly in AD293 cells infected with SET gene recombinant adenovirus vector. On the contrast, SET protein was significantly down-regulated in the GC-2spd(ts) cells infected with Ad-H1-SiRNA/SET (P