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目的了解学龄前儿童的行为问题发生状况;对家长分层进行干预;了解家长处理行为问题的能力;探讨0~6岁儿童心理保健的干预技巧。方法采用Carey和McDevitt设计,张劲松等修订的《3~7岁儿童气质量表》)和《Achenbach儿童行为问卷》(CBCL)进行测查,另外自行设计结构式问卷。结果静安区4~5岁儿童行为问题检出率11.91%,男童低于女童;儿童的行为问题与其气质类型及气质维度明显相关;父母亲的教养方式、父子关系及母女关系与行为问题检出差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论儿童气质及儿童所处家庭环境与儿童行为存在明显相关,因此,应根据儿童的气质特点,积极改善环境,采取适当的教养方法,以有效地防治儿童行为问题。
Objective To understand the behavior of pre-school children’s behavior problems; to intervene in the parental stratification; to understand the ability of parents to deal with behavioral problems; to explore psychological care intervention skills for children aged 0 ~ 6 years. Methods Carey and McDevitt design, Zhang Jinsong revised “3 to 7-year-old children’s temperament scale”) and “Achenbach Children’s Behavior Questionnaire” (CBCL) were tested, and a structured questionnaire was designed. Results The detection rate of behavior problems among children aged 4 ~ 5 years old in Jing’an District was 11.91%, and boys were lower than those of girls. The behavioral problems of children were related to their temperament and temperament dimension. Parental rearing styles, parent-child relationship, mother-daughter relationship and behavior problems The difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusions Children ’s temperament and family environment in children are obviously related to children’ s behavior. Therefore, the environment should be improved according to their temperament characteristics, and appropriate education method should be adopted to effectively prevent and control children ’s behavior problems.