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目的：探讨前列腺基底细胞腺癌和腺瘤的诊断和鉴别诊断标准。方法：对基底细胞腺癌３例，基底细胞腺瘤１例，复习其临床和病理资料及进行随访。再次常规切片ＨＥ染色和采用ＬＳＡＢ法，对ＰＳＡ、ＰＡＰ、ＣＫ、ＣＥＡ、ＰＣＮＡ、ｂｃｌ２、ｐ５３和ｃｅｒｂＢ２８种抗体标记结果进行观察。结果：前列腺基底细胞腺癌为分化差的实体癌呈基底细胞癌样排列，核分裂象多，癌巢中央伴坏死，可见局灶性鳞状细胞、移行细胞或腺管分化，也可出现腺样囊性癌样结构。而基底细胞腺瘤内增生的基底细胞异型性不明显，无病理性核分裂象，增生结节周界清，无浸润性边缘和坏死。８种抗体的免疫酶标记在前列腺基底细胞腺癌和腺瘤的鉴别诊断上无显著性意义。结论：前列腺基底细胞腺癌和腺瘤在诊断上，主要根据ＨＥ染色观察，形态上典型，结合其临床和病理特征即可确诊。
Objective: To investigate the diagnosis and differential diagnosis criteria of prostatic basal cell adenocarcinoma and adenoma. Methods: Three cases of basal cell adenocarcinoma and one basal cell adenoma were reviewed. The clinical and pathological data were reviewed and followed up. The routine sliced HE staining and LSAB method were used to detect the results of antibody labeling of PSA, PAP, CK, CEA, PCNA, bcl2, p53 and cerbB28. Results: Prostatic basal cell adenocarcinoma of poorly differentiated solid carcinoma was basal cell carcinoma-like arrangement of mitotic as many as cancer nests with central necrosis, we can see focal squamous cell, transitional cell or ductal differentiation, also can appear adenoid Cystic cancer-like structure. Basal cell adenoma in basal cell hyperplasia atypia was not obvious, no pathological mitosis, proliferative nodules perinatal clear, non-invasive edge and necrosis. 8 kinds of antibody immunoenzyme markers in the differential diagnosis of prostate adenocarcinoma and basal cell adenocarcinoma no significant significance. Conclusion: Prostatic basal cell adenocarcinoma and adenoma are mainly diagnosed according to HE staining. They are morphologically typical and can be confirmed by clinical and pathological features.