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目的探讨2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM)患者饮食行为治疗依从性,为其健康教育及预防保健提供相关依据。方法于2013年11月—2014年6月采用自行设计的调查问卷和社会支持评定量表(social support revalued scale,SSRS)对在烟台市某社区卫生服务站就诊的已确诊为T2DM患者进行调查。计量资料采用t检验,计数资料采用χ2检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果共调查90例T2DM患者,饮食行为治疗依从性好39例(43.33%),依从性差51例(56.67%)。患有不同合并疾病、不同病程的T2DM患者饮食行为治疗依从性比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。不同饮食行为依从性患者的客观支持得分[(9.56±3.91)、(6.86±2.84)分]、主观支持得分[(23.97±5.61)、(20.98±4.65)分]、利用度[(8.77±3.07)、(6.53±2.39)分]及总分[(42.31±11.10)、(34.37±7.73)分]比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论 T2DM患者饮食行为治疗依从性偏低,对不同病程及是否合并其他慢性病的患者应提供个体化的综合防治干预措施,同时应加强对患者家属、朋友的健康教育,加大社会宣传,为T2DM患者提供有力的社会支持。
Objective To investigate the compliance of dietary behaviors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and provide relevant evidences for their health education and preventive health care. Methods From November 2013 to June 2014, self-designed questionnaires and social support revalued scale (SSRS) were used to investigate the diagnosed T2DM patients in a community health service station in Yantai. Measurement data using t test, count data using χ2 test, P <0.05 for the difference was statistically significant. Results A total of 90 T2DM patients were investigated. The compliance of diet behavior therapy was good in 39 cases (43.33%) and poor compliance in 51 cases (56.67%). Comparisons of diet behavior compliance among T2DM patients with different disease types and different durations showed statistically significant differences (all P <0.05). The objective support scores [(9.56 ± 3.91), (6.86 ± 2.84)], subjective support scores [(23.97 ± 5.61), (20.98 ± 4.65)], utilization [(8.77 ± 3.07) ), (6.53 ± 2.39) and total score (42.31 ± 11.10, 34.37 ± 7.73), respectively. All the differences were statistically significant (all P <0.05). Conclusion T2DM patients with low compliance diet behavior treatment for patients with different course of disease and whether or not other chronic diseases should provide individualized comprehensive prevention and treatment interventions, should strengthen the health education of patients and their families, increase social publicity for T2DM Patients provide strong social support.