论文部分内容阅读
目的探讨贵州省实施流行性乙型脑炎(乙脑)疫苗强化免疫的成本效益。方法抽样调查乙脑病例住院和非住院治疗费用、陪护费用、康复费用以及乙脑疫苗强化免疫工作中需投入的经费。计算因乙脑患病陪护人员人均减少的产值,用伤残调整寿命年指标(DALY)计算因乙脑发病造成的死亡和伤残损失,采用成本-效益分析方法,计算乙脑强化免疫的成本效益比值和产生的净效益。结果 1例乙脑病例患病后社会减少产值84.36万元。贵州省2007年开展乙脑疫苗强化免疫后发病率较1990～2006年强化前平均下降了65.30%,因采取强化免疫措施而减少发病、伤残和死亡损失的净效益为1亿2千5百余万元,成本效益比值为1︰4.88。结论开展大规模的强化免疫,对降低乙脑发病水平效果显著,可产生较好的社会效益和经济效益。
Objective To explore the cost-effectiveness of intensive immunization of Japanese encephalitis (JE) vaccine in Guizhou Province. Methods Sampling was conducted to investigate the cost of inpatient and non-hospitalized treatment of JE cases, accompanying expenses, cost of rehabilitation and funds required for the intensive immunization of JE vaccine. Calculate the per capita decrease in output of entourage due to Japanese encephalitis, calculate the death and disability losses due to the onset of Japanese encephalitis by using the annual adjusted disability life index (DALY), and use cost-benefit analysis to calculate the cost of Japanese encephalitis intensive immunization Benefit ratio and net benefits generated. Results 1 case of Japanese encephalitis cases after the reduction of social output value 843,600 yuan. The incidence of JE vaccine in Guizhou Province in 2007 was reduced by 65.30% on average compared to the pre-intensification period from 1990 to 2006. The net benefit of reducing incidence, disability and death losses due to intensive immunization measures was 100 million 2 500 Yu million, the cost-effectiveness ratio of 1: 4.88. Conclusion The large-scale intensive immunization has a significant effect on lowering the incidence of Japanese encephalitis and can produce better social and economic benefits.