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了解勐海县目前疟疾发病现况、防治现状、居民对疟疾知识知晓情况等,为制订疟疾防治计划及全球基金疟疾项目实施后的效果评价提供基线数据。方法:用分层随机抽样,对抽取的乡(镇)卫生院医生、村医、社医、个体医及其登记的发热病人血检记录、病人发病时间、治疗处方、疫情报告名单等资料进行摘录;对居民、中、小学生、进行逐户逐人对2002年内是否发过疟疾,求医方式、以及对疟疾症状体征、治疗、传播途径、预防等方面知识知晓情况进行问卷调查。结果:用CMR方法,推算出勐海县2002年疟疾的发病人数为2820例,是当年疫情报告数181例的15.6倍。疫情报告符合率仅为6..42%,漏报率达93.58%。3个乡镇抽查村点的部分居民、中小学生对疟疾防治知识、抗疟药物均有不同程度的了解,而不同流行区居民、中小学生的知晓情率不尽相同。结论:目前勐海县多数疟疾病例漏报疫情,根据本调查结果推算2002年疟疾漏报数多达2639例,因此,要加强疫情管理,加大疟疾防治力度。
To understand the current situation of malaria incidence in Menghai County, the status quo of prevention and treatment, the residents’ awareness of malaria knowledge, and so on, to provide baseline data for malaria prevention and control plan and evaluation of the effect of the Global Fund malaria project. Methods: The stratified random sampling was used to analyze the blood test records, the time of onset of the sick, the prescription of treatment, the list of the outbreak reports and so on of the township (town) hospital doctors, village doctors, social doctors, individual doctors and their registered febrile patients Excerpts; Residents, primary and secondary school students, on a household-by-person basis, conducted a questionnaire survey on malaria and medical treatment in 2002, as well as knowledge of the symptoms, treatment, transmission routes and prevention of malaria. Results: Using CMR method, it was estimated that the incidence of malaria in Menghai County in 2002 was 2820 cases, which was 15.6 times of the 181 cases reported in the same year. The rate of coincidence of the epidemic report is only 6..42%, and the omission rate reaches 93.58%. Some townships and villages spot checks some of the residents of the village, primary and secondary malaria prevention and treatment of anti-malarial drugs, anti-malaria drugs have varying degrees of understanding, and residents of different endemic areas, primary and secondary knowledge of different conditions. Conclusion: At present, the majority of cases of malaria in Menghai County are underestimated. According to the results of this survey, as many as 2,639 cases of false negatives were reported in 2002. Therefore, the epidemic management should be strengthened and the prevention and treatment of malaria intensified.