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目的了解北京市某社区50岁及以上女性骨质疏松患病情况,为加强该社区骨质疏松防治和管理提供依据。方法以北京市石景山某社区50岁及以上女性为调查对象,按年龄构成比抽样,进行问卷调查和骨密度检测。有297人同意并参与调查。对调查获得的数据用百分比(%)进行统计描述,χ~2检验和Fisher确切概率法进行统计分析。结果该社区50岁及以上女性的低骨量率、骨质疏松率、骨质疏松知晓率和骨密度检测率分别为:14.14%、3.70%、53.87%、18.52%。随着年龄的增长,低骨量率呈逐渐增高趋势;χ~2检验分析55岁及以上各年龄组低骨量患病率差异有统计学意义(P=0.001),骨质疏松知晓率70~74岁最低为37.83%。结论骨质疏松是一个进行性、难逆转的病理过程。一旦发生骨质疏松,骨结构就很难恢复正常。所以骨质疏松的预防比治疗更重要。本社区居民的骨质疏松保健意识比其他地区略强,尽管如此本社区的骨质疏松管理仍有待进一步加强。
Objective To understand the prevalence of osteoporosis in women aged 50 years and over in a community in Beijing, and to provide evidence for the prevention and control of osteoporosis in this community. Methods Female aged 50 years and over in a community in Shijingshan, Beijing, as the survey object, according to age composition sampling, questionnaire survey and bone mineral density test. 297 people agreed and participated in the investigation. The data obtained from the survey were statistically described as a percentage (%), and the Chi-square test and the Fisher exact test were used for statistical analysis. Results The detection rates of low bone mass, osteoporosis, osteoporosis and bone mineral density in women aged 50 and over in this community were 14.14%, 3.70%, 53.87% and 18.52% respectively. With the increase of age, the rate of low bone mass increased gradually. The Chi-square test showed that there was a significant difference in the prevalence of low bone mass between the age of 55 and above (P = 0.001), and the awareness rate of osteoporosis ~ 74 minimum is 37.83%. Conclusion Osteoporosis is a progressive and refractory pathological process. In the event of osteoporosis, bone structure is difficult to return to normal. So prevention of osteoporosis is more important than treatment. The awareness of osteoporosis among residents in this community is slightly stronger than that in other areas. However, the management of osteoporosis in this community needs to be further strengthened.