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陈鹤琴先生在他的活教育原则中要求:鼓励儿童去发现他自己的世界。的确,随着孩子年龄的增长,他们所发现的世界越来越大,不解之谜越来越多。我们通过引导幼儿在大自然中观察和实验,在已有的知识经验的基础上去认识新事物,发现事物间的联系,从而发展了幼儿的理解能力。1 多方面地组织观察实验以前,我们饲养小蝌蚪,目的总是让幼儿观察小蝌蚪自身的变化。现在,我们先带幼儿从不同地方抓来小蝌蚪,统一养在班级自然角里观察它们的变化,当小蝌蚪变得有大小时,孩子们便发生了争论。教师带全班孩子在同一池塘里抓小蝌蚪,让四个小朋友带回家用不同容器饲养(瓶子、脸盆、水缸、小渠道的一截),二十多天后,把这些蝌蚪与原池塘里的蝌蚪分别比较,发现饲养的范围越大,得食越容易,蝌蚪也长得越快。孩子们从中明白,同一物体由于自身和外界的条件不同,所产生的变化也不尽相同的道理。陶承承小朋友还将小蝌蚪放在不同水质(河水、井水、田水、雨水)里,并分别喂不同食物(糠、微生物、饭粒)。结果发现:养在田水里吃微生物的蝌蚪长得最快。对饲养过程中出现的难以理解的现象,我们总是让幼
In his living education principle, Mr. Chen Heqin asked: Encourage children to discover his own world. Indeed, as children grow older, the world they discover is getting bigger and bigger, and mysteries are getting more and more apparent. By guiding young children to observe and experiment in nature, we can understand the new things based on the existing knowledge and experience and find out the connection between things, so as to develop the children’s understanding ability. 1 Many organizations to observe the experiment Previously, we kept small tadpoles, the purpose is always to let children observe the changes of small tadpoles themselves. Now, let’s bring youngsters to pick up small tadpoles from different places and unite them in the natural corner of the class to observe their changes. When the small tadpoles become large and small, the children will have a debate. Teachers took the whole class of children to grab tadpoles in the same pond and brought the four children back to home in different containers (bottles, basins, water tanks and small channels). After more than twenty days, the tadpoles and the original pond The tadpoles were compared, and found that the larger the range of feeding, the easier it is to eat, the tadpoles also grow faster. The children understand that the same object has different changes due to different conditions of itself and the outside world. Tao Chengcheng children will also be placed in different tadpoles water quality (river, well water, water, rain), and were fed different foods (bran, microbes, rice). The results showed that: the tadpoles in the field water to eat micro-organisms grow fastest. The phenomenon of feeding difficult to understand that we always make young