一、古笈的论述牛蒡始见于《别录》,列为中品,《本草纲目》称之为“恶实”,“蝙蝠刺”,因其果实外部多刺钩,形状凶恶,故有此名。《本草经疏》记有:恶实气味辛、平、无毒,具散风除热解毒的作用,由于辛能散结,苦能泄热,所以素主润肺、利咽,去皮肤风、通十二经络。《药品化义》认为:牛蒡子能升能降,力解热毒,苦味能清火,带辛能疏风,主治上部风疾,面目浮肿,咽喉不利。《本草求真》记有:牛蒡味辛且苦,既能降气下行,复能散风除 First, the ancient discussion of Burdock burdock was found in the “do not recorded” as a product, “Compendium of Materia Medica” as “evil”, “bats thorns” because of its external prickly hook fruit, so the shape of evil, so this name. “Materia Medica Shu” recorded: evil and stubborn symplectic, flat, non-toxic, with the role of wind in addition to heat detoxification, Xin Xin San Jie, bitter can vent heat, so prime lungs, Li Yan, to skin wind , Through twelve meridians. “Drugized meaning” that: Arctium can ascend to energy, antipyretic power, bitter to clear the fire, with symplectic Shufeng, attending the upper wind disease, edema, throat adverse. “Materia Medica truthful” Remembered: burdock Wei Xin and bitter, both downhill, complex energy scattered addition to the wind