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目的以杭州市江干区为试点开展婴幼儿流感嗜血杆菌(Haemophilus influenzae,Hi)携带状况的调查工作,为获得浙江省Hi携带状况的系统资料积累经验和数据,同时也为防治Hi相关疾病提供资料。方法分6月龄至1周岁、1～2周岁、2～5周岁3个年龄组采集婴幼儿咽拭子,进行Hi的分离与鉴定。对Hi分离株进行血清分型和生化分型,并分析对12种抗生素的敏感性试验和青霉素酶产生试验。结果在101份健康幼儿咽拭标本中,分离到21株Hi,Hi总带菌率20.8%;其中Hib及Hia(f)血清型各1株,带菌率均为1.0%;其他19株为不可分型株(NTHi),带菌率18.8%。咽部分离的Hi对12种临床常用抗生素耐药程度以复方新诺明最高(耐药率为57.1%),其次分别为四环素(14.3%)、头孢克洛(9.5%)和氨苄西林(4.8%)。对阿莫西林-克拉维酸、环丙沙星、头孢噻肟、头孢呋肟钠、头孢曲松、阿奇霉素、利福平、氯霉素100%敏感;21株Hi仅1株NTHi产青霉素酶,产酶率为4.8%。结论健康幼儿Hi带菌以NTHi为主,大多不产青霉素酶。
Objective To carry out a survey of the carrying status of Haemophilus influenzae (Hi) in infants and young children in Jianggan District of Hangzhou City, and to accumulate experience and data for obtaining systematic data on the carrying status of Hi in Zhejiang Province, and also to provide prevention and cure of Hi related diseases data. Methods Throat swabs from 6 months old to 1 year old, 1 to 2 years old, and 2 to 5 years old were collected for isolation and identification of Hi. The serotypes and biochemical typing of Hi isolates were analyzed, and the sensitivity of 12 antibiotics and the test of penicillinase production were analyzed. Results In 101 swallowing swallowing samples of healthy children, 21 strains of Hi were isolated and the total rate of Hi was 20.8%. One strain of Hib and Hia (f) serotypes was infected with 1.0% serotypes, and the other 19 strains were indivisible Strain (NTHi), with a rate of 18.8%. Pharyngeal isolated hi against 12 kinds of commonly used antibiotic resistance to the highest cotrimoxazole (resistance rate was 57.1%), followed by tetracycline (14.3%), cefaclor (9.5%) and ampicillin (4.8 %). It was 100% sensitive to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, ciprofloxacin, cefotaxime, cefuroxime sodium, ceftriaxone, azithromycin, rifampicin and chloramphenicol. , Producing enzyme rate of 4.8%. Conclusion The healthy children with NTHi Hi-band-based, most do not produce penicillinase.