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目的了解5岁以下儿童及监护人肠道病毒携带情况,分析健康人群带毒情况及其在手足口病传播过程中的作用。方法 2010年分别于手足口病流行前期、流行高峰期和流行后期,在济宁市泗水县和嘉祥县随机采集城镇托幼机构儿童和农村散居儿童及其监护人的粪便标本,荧光定量PCR检测肠道病毒核酸。结果健康人群肠道病毒带毒率在手足口病流行期最高(20.10%),其次是流行前期和流行后期(14.56%和8.29%)。5岁以下儿童带毒率高于成人,其中3岁以下儿童带毒率最高。三次调查共检出肠道病毒核酸阳性标本177份,99.44%(176/177)鉴定为其他肠道病毒,未检测出EV71型肠道病毒,仅检测出1例CoxA16型肠道病毒。结论 5岁以下健康儿童及监护人肠道病毒带毒较为普遍,夏季带毒率较高;EV71型和CoxA16型肠道病毒核酸检测阳性率较低,提示健康人群肠道病毒带毒在手足口病传播中的作用不大。
Objective To understand the carriage of enterovirus among children and guardians under 5 years of age and to analyze the situation of poisoning in healthy people and their role in the spread of hand-foot-mouth disease. Methods Stool samples from children’s and rural diasporas and their guardians in urban kindergartens and nurseries were randomly collected from Sishui and Jiaxiang counties in Jining City during the pre-epidemic phase, pre-epidemic peak period and post-epidemic phase of HFMD respectively. Fluorescent quantitative PCR was used to detect intestinal Viral nucleic acid. Results The prevalence of enterovirus infection in healthy population was the highest (20.10%) in HFMD stage, followed by pre-epidemic phase and late-epidemic phase (14.56% and 8.29%). Children under 5 years of age with higher prevalence of poisoning than adults, including children under 3 years of age with the highest rate of poisoning. Of the three surveys, 177 positive samples of enterovirus nucleic acid were detected, 99.44% (176/177) were identified as other enteroviruses, no EV71 enterovirus was detected, and only one CoxA type 16 enterovirus was detected. Conclusions Enterovirus infection is more common in healthy children and guardians under 5 years of age and higher in summer. The positive rates of nucleic acid detection of EV71 and CoxA16 are lower, suggesting that enterovirus infection in healthy people is more common in HFMD The role of communication is not great.