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以来自河北8个群体共312个华北落叶松天然个体为材料,利用10对SSR引物对群体进行扩增,所得数据用于其遗传多样性和遗传结构的研究。结果表明:10对SSR位点共检测到42个位点,平均每个位点有4.2个等位基因,位点的等位基因数(Na)为2~6个。群体平均等位基因数为3.36,Shannon指数(I)平均为0.749,观察杂合度Ho为0.405、期望杂合度He为0.423,来自河北北部的围场台子水和吉字以及兴隆雾灵山的多样性水平最高,南部的阜平群体多样性水平最低。AMOVA分子差异分析显示3%的遗传变异存在于群体间,97%的遗传变异则存在于群体内,基因分化系数Gst仅为0.028,表明华北落叶松在河北的群体分化很低。聚类结果表明河北围场两个群体为一类,蔚县、隆化和涿鹿为一类,阜平和赤城为一类,兴隆雾灵山群体距离其他较远。多样性北部群体较高,南部较低,表明华北落叶松可能的衍化方向是从北向南,印证了北部可能是起源中心的结论。
A total of 312 native individuals of Larix principis-rupprechtii from 8 populations of Hebei were used as materials to amplify the population with 10 pairs of SSR primers. The data obtained were used to study their genetic diversity and genetic structure. The results showed that 42 alleles were detected in 10 SSR loci, with an average of 4.2 alleles per locus and 2 to 6 alleles (Na). The average number of alleles per population was 3.36, the average Shannon index (I) was 0.749, the observed heterozygosity Ho was 0.405, the expected heterozygosity He was 0.423. The diversity level of paddy water from Taihu Lake in Hebei Province, Highest and lowest in the southern Fuping group. AMOVA molecular variance analysis showed that 3% of the genetic variation exists in the population, 97% of the genetic variation exists in the population, the coefficient of genetic differentiation Gst is only 0.028, indicating that the population of Larix principis-rupprechtii in Hebei is very low. The clustering results showed that there were two groups in Hebei paddock, Yuxian, Longhua and Zhuolu were in one category, while in Fuping and Chicheng, Xinglongwuling group was farther away from each other. The higher diversity in the north and the lower in the south indicate that the possible evolutionary direction of Larix principis-rupprechtii is from north to south, confirming the conclusion that the north may be the center of origin.