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环境规制政策通过影响企业可获得性资源的选择和配置,对企业竞争力产生影响,进而影响国家竞争力。目前,有关环境规制对国际竞争力影响的理论研究经历了新古典主义理论、修正主义理论以及资源基础论的三大变迁。环境规制对国际竞争力影响理论变迁的内在逻辑,一是研究重心的变迁;二是研究视角的变迁;三是前提假设的变迁。随着规制理论重新转向公共利益目标,政府作为公共健康、安全及环境的维护者,既要做出符合公共利益的决策,同时在制定环境规制政策时也要兼顾对企业竞争力的影响。
Environmental regulation policies affect the competitiveness of enterprises by influencing the selection and allocation of resources available to enterprises, thus affecting their competitiveness. At present, the theoretical research on the impact of environmental regulation on international competitiveness has undergone three major changes: neoclassical theory, revisionist theory and resource-based theory. The inherent logic of environmental regulation’s impact on international competitiveness is to study the changes of the center of gravity; second, to study the changes of perspectives; and third, to the changes of the prerequisite assumptions. As regulation theory turns to the goal of public interest again, as a defender of public health, safety and environment, the government must make decisions that are in line with the public interest while also considering the impact on the competitiveness of enterprises when formulating environmental regulatory policies.