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目的:了解某院近3年来抗菌药使用情况和细菌耐药性变化趋势,探讨细菌耐药性变异与抗菌药使用量之间的相互关系,为抗菌药的合理使用提供参考。方法:对某院2005～2007年各类抗菌药及常用品种的DDDs作统计和排序,同时统计4种强势致病菌的年度耐药率,对相关数据进行分析比较。结果:抗菌药使用总的DDDs逐年上升,3年来总的增幅为19. 16%;DDDs前3位一直都是头孢菌素类、大环内酯类及喹诺酮类;4种主要病原菌的耐药率也呈逐年上升的趋势,细菌耐药率变化与抗菌药的用药频度密切相关。结论:抗菌药的用药频度对细菌耐药性变异有重要的影响,医院须加强抗菌药的管理,以减少或延缓细菌耐药性的发生。
OBJECTIVE: To understand the trend of antimicrobial use and bacterial resistance in a hospital over the past three years, to explore the relationship between bacterial resistance variation and antimicrobial use, and to provide a reference for the rational use of antimicrobial agents. Methods: DDDs of various antibacterials and common varieties from 2005 to 2007 in a hospital were counted and ranked. At the same time, the annual resistance rates of 4 kinds of strong pathogenic bacteria were counted, and the relative data were analyzed and compared. Results: The total DDDs of antimicrobial drugs increased year by year, with a total increase of 19.16% over the past three years. The top three DDDs were always cephalosporins, macrolides and quinolones. The resistance of the four major pathogens Rates also showed an upward trend year by year, bacterial resistance rate changes and the frequency of antibacterial drugs are closely related. Conclusion: The frequency of antibacterial drugs has an important impact on the variation of bacterial resistance. The hospital should strengthen the management of antibacterials to reduce or delay the occurrence of bacterial resistance.