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高原低氧适应是高原医学研究的核心，高原低氧适应的机制主要是围绕缺氧而建立起的一系列复杂的代偿。高原土生动物是研究高原低氧适应的理想模型，以藏猪、高原鼠兔、藏羚羊和蕨麻小型猪为例，研究者们多以其血液学特征、肺血管结构和功能及低氧适应相关基因等方面作为基础研究，但目前在细胞及分子水平研究不够深入，研究土生动物低氧适应机制，可以为高原实验动物的开发研究提供理论基础。“,”Plateau hypoxia adaptation is the core of the plateau medical research , the mechanism of which is mainly a series of complex compensatory established around the hypoxia .Native plateau animals are ideal models of plateau hypoxia adaptation research.Based on the Tibetan pig,plateau pika,the Tibetan ante-lope and Juema minipig,researchers conducted basic research on their characteristics of hematology,pulmo-nary vascular structure and function,hypoxia adaptation related genes,etc.,but there is not enough research on the cellular and molecular level.Research on native plateau animals of hypoxia adaptation mechanisms can provide theoretical basis for the study and development of the plateau experimental animals .