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自1963年发现甲胎蛋白(AFP)与肝癌的联系,1965年发现癌胚抗原(CEA)与结肠癌的联系以来,肿瘤的免疫学诊断迄今进展不大。目前常用测定肿瘤的生物学标记,即所谓肿瘤胚胎抗原(oncofetal antigens)的方法来达到诊断肿瘤的目的。这些试验应满足以下标准:1.方法简便,重复性好;2.特异性较高;3.敏感性较高,能早期测出复发并能指出癌肿侵犯的脏器。目前尚无全部符合上述标准的免疫学诊断
Since the discovery of the association between alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and liver cancer in 1963, and since the discovery of the association between carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and colon cancer in 1965, the immunological diagnosis of tumors has not progressed so far. At present, the biological markers used to measure tumors, known as oncofetal antigens, are used to diagnose tumors. These tests should meet the following criteria: 1. The method is simple and reproducible; 2. The specificity is high; 3. The sensitivity is high, and the organ that can detect recurrence and can point out the invasion of cancer can be detected early. At present, there are no all immunological diagnostics that meet the above criteria.