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研究了施加盐碱地保水缓释肥(ZL 2012 1 0400570.0)对盐胁迫水稻幼苗叶长、叶温、氮磷钾(NPK)及钠(Na)的吸收和转运的影响。结果表明:盐胁迫下,水稻植株最大叶长随基质肥配比(1%、2%和4%)的增加而增加,且随处理时间延长,其增加效应愈明显,而其叶温逐渐降低;随高盐(4.68 g kg~(-1)盐分)处理的进行,植株逐渐枯萎死亡。盐胁迫下,该肥料施用明显提高植株的NPK含量,降低Na含量。低盐(2.68 g kg~(-1)盐分)胁迫下,播种40 d,施肥显著增加N和K向植株地上部转运,但显著降低其P转运系数(P-TF)和Na转运系数(Na-TF),显著提高植株K~+、Na~+的选择性比率(S_(K,Na));而播种80 d,施肥导致植株N、P、Na转运下降,而K转运和S_(K,Na)显著上升。高盐胁迫下,施肥对植株氮转运系数(N-TF)无显著影响,而P和Na转运上升,钾转运系数(K-TF)和S_(K,Na)随肥施量增加而显著下降。综上所述,低盐胁迫下,施该颗粒状盐碱地保水缓释肥,可明显提高水稻幼苗植株的NPK吸收,降低植株Na的积累,显著提高了水稻幼苗植株对K的选择性运输,维持体内的离子稳态,从而显著提高水稻植株的耐盐性。高盐胁迫下,该肥短期内亦可明显促进植株矿质营养在体内的积累,降低植株Na含量,从而一定程度上缓解植株盐害。
The effects of saline-alkali soil-retaining and slow-release fertilizer (ZL 2012 1 0400570.0) on the leaf length, leaf temperature, NPK and Na uptake and transport of salt-stressed rice seedlings were studied. The results showed that under salt stress, the maximum leaf length of rice plants increased with the increase of substrate fertilizers (1%, 2% and 4%). With the prolongation of treatment time, the effect of increase was obvious and the leaf temperature was gradually decreased ; With high salinity (4.68 g kg -1) salt treatment, the plants gradually withered and died. Under salt stress, the fertilizer application significantly increased plant NPK content and decreased Na content. Under low salt stress (2.68 g kg -1 salt), 40 days after sowing, the fertilization significantly increased N and K transport to shoots, but significantly decreased the P-TF and Na transport coefficients (K, Na)). After sowing for 80 days, N, P and Na translocation decreased while K transport and S_ (K) , Na) increased significantly. Under high salt stress, fertilization had no significant effect on nitrogen transport coefficient (N-TF), while P and Na transport increased, K-TF and S_ (K, Na) decreased significantly with increasing fertilizer application . In summary, under the low salt stress, the application of the granular saline-alkali water-saving slow-release fertilizer can significantly improve the NPK absorption of rice seedling plants, reduce the accumulation of Na and significantly increase the selective transportation and maintenance of K seedlings in rice plants In vivo ion homeostasis, thereby significantly improving the salt tolerance of rice plants. Under high salt stress, the fertilizer can also significantly promote the accumulation of plant mineral nutrients in the body and reduce the content of Na in plants in a short time, thus alleviating plant salt damage to a certain extent.