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进入20世纪以来,英国通过《法官规则》以及之后出台的《警察与刑事证据法》和实施守则逐渐认可了警察的讯问行为,但至今英美法系国家对于警察讯问仍保持较谨慎的态度。大陆法系国家对刑事侦讯虽也有较严格的程序限制,但在总体上表现出较积极的态度。从西方国家刑事侦讯制度发展和演变的过程中可以得到以下几点启示:一是刑事侦讯制度在一定条件下是可变的;二是法院在刑事侦讯法律规范的创制上具有重要作用;三是犯罪嫌疑人口供的地位和价值对刑事侦讯理念和制度内容有着重要影响。
Since the 20th century, the United Kingdom gradually accepted the police’s interrogation through the “Judges Rules” and the subsequent “Police and Criminal Evidence Law” and the Code of Practice, but so far Anglo-American countries have remained cautious about police interrogations. Although civil law countries also have more stringent procedural restrictions on criminal investigation, they generally show a more positive attitude. The following enlightenments can be obtained from the development and evolution of criminal investigation system in western countries: First, the system of criminal investigation is variable under certain conditions; second, the court plays an important role in the creation of legal norms of criminal investigation Third, the status and value of the criminal suspects’ confession have an important influence on the concept and system of criminal investigation.