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锈菌生理小种 小麦锈病菌其它很多病菌一样,在一个种内,还有许许多多形态一样,但致病能力有差别的类型,叫作生理小种(就象作物的许多品种似的)。在生产中常常表现出相同的小麦品种在甲地抗病而在乙地却感病,主要是由于两个地区锈菌生理小种不同而引起的差别。以前抗病的小麦品种后来变成感病,也是由于不同年份病菌生理小种的组成改变所造成的。例如我国北方麦区碧蚂1号等品种抗条锈性的丧失,已经证实是由于锈菌1号小种的发展而发生变化;又如甘肃96、玉皮等小麦品种,近年由于10号小种的发生,受病很严重。目前我国已经发现的条锈生理小种有十几个,其中最主要的是1号、10号、13号等。秆锈生理小种也有1号、2号和3号三
Like many other germs, there are many more species within a single species, but different types of pathogenicity, such as physiological races (much like many varieties of crops) . Often the same wheat cultivars were found to be resistant to disease in site A and susceptible to site B in production, mainly due to differences in the physiological races of the rust in the two areas. Previously resistant varieties of wheat later became susceptible, also due to changes in the composition of pathogenic races in different years. For example, the lack of resistance to stripe rust in the cultivars such as Bi-Ma 1 in northern China’s wheat area has been confirmed to have changed due to the development of the rusty strain No. 1. In another case, such as Gansu 96, jade pea and other wheat varieties, The occurrence of the disease is very serious. At present, China has found more than a dozen of stripe rust physiological races, of which the most important ones are No. 1, No. 10 and No. 13. Stem rust physiological races also have 1, 2 and 3 three