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清代庆阳科举兴衰与西北社会嬗变有着密切的联系。文章从与明代比较的视角,对清代庆阳科举人才总量的下降、时空分布的变迁及社会成因进行了探讨,认为由于清初陕甘分省造成的省治中心转移、书院教育发展滞后、明末陕北起义、清初王辅臣变乱和同治陕甘回民事变等,对当地经济社会、文化教育发展产生了较大的影响,最终导致清代庆阳科举下滑。
The rise and decline of Qing imperial examination in Qing Dynasty and the evolution of Northwest society are closely linked. From the perspective of comparison with the Ming Dynasty, this article discusses the decline of the total amount of imperial examination imperial civilians in Qing dynasty, the changes in the spatial and temporal distribution and the social causes. It is concluded that the academy lags behind because of the shift of provincial governorships in Shaanxi and Gansu provinces, The uprising in northern Shaanxi in the late Ming Dynasty, Wang Fuchen in the early Qing Dynasty and the civil war in Tongzhi, Shaanxi and Gansu Provinces had a great impact on the development of local economy, society and culture and education, which eventually led to the decline of Qing imperial examination in Qing Dynasty.