论文部分内容阅读
过去20～30年间,中国沿着“东亚奇迹”的轨迹再次成为全球经济的重要角色。中国经济融入世界经济同时人力资本迅速积累,国际贸易通过提高收入以及促进城市化过程带给农村人口更好的接受教育机会。然而,教育财政投入偏低以及投入结构上的不合理使得农村人口接受教育的成本相对其收入仍然偏高;教育投入在地方和中央政府之间的分担现状又加剧了地区间农村人口教育的不平衡;户口制度以及各省份间教育考试制度的割裂增加了城市务工人员子女接受高质量教育的成本。简单的政策建议包括两个方面:第一,从政策方面完善教育经费和收入来源结构,加大中央财政对于农村尤其是落后地区农村义务教育的支持,保证义务教育在全国范围落实;第二,城市中教育减低乃至减少户籍歧视,同时通过政府补助增加务工人员参加培训教育的机会。
Over the past 20 to 30 years, China has once again become an important player in the global economy along the trajectory of “the miracle of East Asia.” With the integration of the Chinese economy into the world economy and the rapid accumulation of human capital, international trade has given rural people better access to education through higher incomes and the promotion of urbanization. However, the low investment in education and the irrational structure of investment make the cost of education for the rural population relative to their incomes still relatively high. The current state of education investment among local governments and the central government aggravates the rural population education among regions Balance; the hukou system and the fragmentation of the education examination system across provinces have increased the cost of educating children of urban workers in quality education. Simple policy recommendations include two aspects: first, improve the funding structure of education and sources of income from policies, increase the support of the central government for rural compulsory education in rural areas, especially in the backward areas, and ensure that compulsory education is implemented nationwide; secondly, In cities, education reduces or even reduces household registration discrimination. At the same time, government grants increase the chances of attending training and education for migrant workers.