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天然杀伤性细胞(NaturalKiller Cells,NK)约10年前,在瑞典G.Klein实验室开始被注意研究的。NK与肿瘤免疫有密切关系,因它在体外杀伤肿瘤细胞很有效,能清除转移;当应用免疫抑制剂后,或应用抗NK血清,使NK活性下降时,可见肿瘤生长加快。在BEIGE种小鼠体内无NK细胞,肿瘤的生长也很旺盛。 已知NK的特点是不须事先接触肿瘤,不须事先激活,亦不要接触肿瘤特异性抗原,NK即有杀伤肿瘤的能力,它主要对肿瘤只有很小数量时将它杀灭。形态上,NK是大型、带有许多颗粒的淋巴细胞(LGL),外形似T细胞,除非用抗体酶标法,否则在一般光学显微镜下,尚难将NK与其他淋巴细胞相区别。
Natural Killer Cells (NK) began to be studied at the G.Klein Laboratory in Sweden about 10 years ago. NK is closely related to tumor immunity because it is very effective in killing tumor cells in vitro and can clear metastases. When immunosuppressive agents are used, or anti-NK serum is used, the activity of NK decreases, and tumor growth is accelerated. There is no NK cell in the BEIGE mice, and the tumor growth is also very strong. It is known that NK is not required to contact the tumor in advance, does not require prior activation, and does not contact with tumor-specific antigen. NK has the ability to kill tumors. It kills tumors when they have only a small amount. Morphologically, NK is a large, lymphocyte (LGL) with many particles. It looks like a T cell. Unless the enzyme labeling method is used, it is difficult to distinguish NK from other lymphocytes under general light microscopy.