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目的分析深圳市华龙新区0~6岁儿童维生素D的营养状况及其与身高发育的关系。方法 2016年1-12月对龙华新区的1 286例学龄前儿童进行一般人口学资料调查、体格检查以及维生素D水平的检测。根据年龄不同将研究对象分为出生后1个月~1岁(婴儿组)382名,>1~3岁(幼儿组)337名,>3~6岁(学龄前期组)567名。总结其总体维生素D营养状况、年龄特点、季节特点以及与身高发育的关系。结果不同年龄段的平均身高存在差异,均达到全国标准,血清25(OH)D的平均值为(35.37±10.81)nmol/L;随着年龄的增长,不同年龄段儿童的维生素D水平显著下降,差异有统计学意义(F=190.06,P=0.00)。学龄前期儿童的维生素D缺乏比例较高为53.62%。在季节方面,在6-8月检测时,儿童的血清25(OH)D平均值最高,均≥40 nmol/L。相关性分析结果显示,儿童的维生素D水平对其身高发育具有正向影响作用(r=0.622,P=0.018)。结论 2016年深圳市龙华新区0~6岁儿童的平均维生素D水平和平均身高基本达标,但维生素D缺乏的情况仍大量存在。因此,相关卫生部门及家长应该重视该情况,并根据维生素D水平的季节化和年龄化的特点采取有针对性的措施促进该地区的儿童进行维生素D的补充。
Objective To analyze the nutritional status of vitamin D in children aged 0 ~ 6 in Hualong New District of Shenzhen City and its relationship with height development. Methods From January to December in 2016, a total of 1,286 preschool-aged children in Longhua New District were investigated for general demographic data, physical examination and vitamin D levels. Subjects were divided into three groups according to their ages: 382 from 1 month to 1 year old (infants), 337 from 1 to 3 years old (infants) and 567 from 3 to 6 years (preschool children). Summarize their overall vitamin D nutritional status, age characteristics, seasonal characteristics and the relationship with height development. Results The average height of different age groups were different and reached the national standard. The average serum 25 (OH) D value was (35.37 ± 10.81) nmol / L. The vitamin D levels of children of different ages decreased significantly with age , The difference was statistically significant (F = 190.06, P = 0.00). Preschool children had a high proportion of vitamin D deficiency of 53.62%. In terms of seasons, the mean value of serum 25 (OH) D in children was the highest at ≥6.0 months at ≥40 nmol / L. Correlation analysis showed that children’s vitamin D levels had a positive effect on their height (r = 0.622, P = 0.018). Conclusion In 2016, the average vitamin D level and the average height of children aged 0-6 years in Longhua New District of Shenzhen were basically reached. However, there was still a large number of cases of vitamin D deficiency. Therefore, relevant health departments and parents should pay attention to this situation and take targeted measures to promote vitamin D supplementation in children in the area according to the seasonal and age-specific characteristics of vitamin D levels.