Patients with hypertension have the characteristics of abnormalities of vessel wall,blood constituents and blood flow. These abnormalities may confer a prothrombotic or hypercoagulable state and are related to the damage of target organs and long-term prognosis. Soluble thrombomodulin (sTM) as abnormalities of levels of specific plasma markers of endothelial damage or dysfunction may relate with the complications of hypertension and the determination of blood pressure itself. TM plays a critical role as a co-factor in the protein C pathway, 1 which is important in regulating coagulation as well as inflammation. Thus we hypothesized that the -33G＞A polymorphism alter thrombomodulin expression and/or impair anticoagulant function, which can predispose to the damage of the target organs during the progress of hypertension. Then, we investigated a possible association of sTM, TM on monocytes and the -33G＞A polymorphism with essential hypertension and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the Chinese Han ethnic population.