论文部分内容阅读
目的研究参与式培训对预防工人工伤和肌肉骨骼系统疾病(MSD)的效果。方法随机选取30家企业1 825名工人,其中918名干预组工人接受参与式培训,907名对照组工人接受授课式培训,比较两组培训前1年、培训后1年男女工人工伤发生率和MSD发生率的变化,从而评估培训效果。结果培训后1年随访率为59.1%。干预组培训后的工伤发生率(5.0%)低于培训前的发生率(8.9%),两者差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);培训后,干预组男性工人工伤发生率从11.3%降至5.5%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。女性工人工伤发生率在培训前后差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。培训1年后,干预组和对照组男女工人MSD发生率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论参与式培训比授课式培训能更有效地降低男性工人工伤发生率,但两种培训方式均不能有效降低MSD和女性工人工伤的发生率。
Objective To study the effect of participatory training on prevention of occupational injuries and musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) in workers. Methods A total of 1 825 workers from 30 enterprises were randomly selected. Among them, 918 intervention workers received participatory training and 907 control workers received training courses. One year before training and one year after training, MSD changes in the rate of assessment of training effectiveness. Results The follow-up rate of 1 year after training was 59.1%. The incidence of injury after training in the intervention group (5.0%) was lower than that before training (8.9%), the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). After training, the incidence of male workers in the intervention group was 11.3% To 5.5%, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). There was no significant difference in the incidence of injury among female workers before and after training (P> 0.05). One year after training, there was no significant difference in the incidence of MSD between male and female workers in intervention group and control group (P> 0.05). Conclusions Participatory training can reduce the incidence of occupational injuries among male workers more effectively than instructional training. However, neither of the two training methods can effectively reduce the incidence of occupational injuries among MSD and female workers.