目的观察腹腔重复注射小剂量氯胺酮术后镇痛对趾部切口术大鼠空间学习及记忆的影响。方法雄性3月龄SD大鼠72只,随机分为3组,对照组、模型组和氯胺酮组,每组又随机分为2个亚组(n=12),对照1周组(C1组)、模型1周组(M1组)、氯胺酮1周组(K1组)、对照3周组(C3组)、模型3周组(M3组)和氯胺酮3周组(K3组)。模型组和氯胺酮组按Brennan法制作趾部切口模型,对照组不作趾部切口;自趾部切口即日起,氯胺酮组腹腔注射氯胺酮10mg/kg,对照组和模型组腹腔注射生理盐水0.1ml,1次/d,连续7d。C1、M1、K1组于趾部切口术后1周后进行Morris水迷宫行为测试,C3、M3、K3组于趾部切口术后3周后进行水迷宫行为测试,4次/d,连续6d。大鼠的潜伏期和游泳距离由Morris水迷宫图像自动监视系统采集和分析。测试结束后,取大鼠海马组织作病理学观察。结果(1)水迷宫测试结果测试第1-6天大鼠的潜伏期和游泳距离:K1组均明显长于C1组和M1组(P<0.05或0.01),M1组与C1组比较差异无统计学意义;K3组均明显长于C3组和M3组(P<0.05或0.01),M3组与C3组比较差异无统计学意义。(2)病理学结果光镜下各组大鼠海马神经元结构未见明显异常。透射电镜下K1组和K3组大鼠海马神经元可见线粒体肿胀、溶酶体增多、粗面内质网扩张、出现空泡样改变。结论腹腔重复注射小剂量 Objective To observe the effect of postoperative analgesia after repeated intraperitoneal injection of low dose ketamine on spatial learning and memory in toe incision rats. Methods 72 male 3-month-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: control group, model group and ketamine group. Each group was randomly divided into 2 subgroups (n = 12) and 1 week control group (C1 group) , Model group 1 (M1), ketamine 1 week group (K1), control 3 week group (C3 group), model 3 week group (M3 group) and ketamine 3 week group (K3 group). In the model group and the ketamine group, the toe incision model was made by Brennan method. The control group was not toe incision. Ketamine 10 mg / kg was intraperitoneally injected into the ketamine group from the toe incision, and the control group and the model group were intraperitoneally injected with 0.1 ml of normal saline Times / d, continuous 7d. The Morris water maze test was performed in the C1, M1 and K1 groups 1 week after the toe incision, and the water maze test was performed in the C3, M3 and K3 groups 3 and 3 weeks after the toe incision. . Rat latency and swimming distance were collected and analyzed by the Morris Water Maze Automated Image Surveillance System. After the test, the rat hippocampal tissue was taken for pathological observation. Results (1) Results of water maze test The latency and swimming distance of rats on day 1-6 were significantly longer than those of group C1 and M1 (P <0.05 or 0.01), there was no significant difference between group M1 and group C1 Significance; K3 group were significantly longer than the C3 group and M3 group (P <0.05 or 0.01), M3 group and C3 group, the difference was not statistically significant. (2) pathological results under light microscope, hippocampal neurons in each group no obvious abnormalities. Under the transmission electron microscope, the hippocampal neurons of K1 group and K3 group showed mitochondrial swelling, lysosome increase, rough endoplasmic reticulum expansion, and vacuolar changes. Conclusion Intraperitoneal injection of small doses