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深基坑开挖基坑内外产生水位差,地下水绕过围护墙底部向基坑内渗流影响围护墙上的水土压力分布。本文总结了基坑围护墙上水土压力的计算方法,针对基坑周围土体成层分布的特点,分析了传统的水土压力分算、合算以及考虑渗流影响的水土压力分算方法。利用岩土工程有限元方法,通过渗流—应变耦合来计算渗流条件下的水土压力,结合工程算例,比较了传统水土压力计算方法与有限元方法的计算结果以及与实测土压力的差别。发现考虑固结变形的水土压力计算值与实测值能很好地吻合,而传统的水土压力计算结果与实测值偏差较大,其计算的假定条件存在误差以及没能考虑渗流和不同开挖工况的影响。考虑渗流—固结耦合的有限元方法能综合考虑不同土层和边界条件以及基坑围护墙的受力条件与变形的影响,其计算的水土压力分布是合理的。
The water level difference between inside and outside of foundation pit excavation of deep foundation pit is generated, and the seepage of groundwater around the bottom of retaining wall to the foundation pit affects the distribution of water and earth pressure on the retaining wall. This paper summarizes the calculation method of water and earth pressure on the retaining wall of foundation pit. According to the characteristics of stratigraphic distribution of soil around the foundation pit, this paper analyzes the traditional calculation method of water and earth pressure considering the influence of seepage. Using the finite element method of geotechnical engineering, the earth pressure under seepage and flow is calculated by seepage-strain coupling. The calculation results of traditional methods of soil-water pressure and finite element method are compared with those of measured earth pressure. It is found that the calculated values of soil and water pressure considering the consolidation deformation can well coincide with the measured values. However, the traditional calculation results of soil and water pressure are greatly deviated from the measured values, and the assumptions of calculation are inaccurate and the seepage and different excavators The impact of the situation. The finite element method considering seepage-consolidation coupling can comprehensively consider the influences of different soil layers and boundary conditions and the stress conditions and deformation of the retaining wall of the foundation pit, and the calculated distribution of soil-water pressure is reasonable.