去工业化是工业化进程中的一种经济结构失衡现象,体现在要素配置结构、产业结构、区域经济结构、价值链结构等方面,这种失衡给国民经济发展带来了严重后果。产业结构理论、产业转移理论、结构主义发展理论、极化理论等是研究去工业化问题的重要理论来源。基于结构失衡视角,中国不仅存在某种形式的整体性去工业化,也存在明显的区域性去工业化。在当前发达国家再工业化呼声日益高涨的国际背景下,对中国去工业化问题进行深入研究,无论是对防范未来的可能危机还是对优化经济结构、转变经济增长方式都具有重要的现实意义。 De-industrialization is an imbalance of economic structure in the process of industrialization, which is manifested in the aspects of factor allocation structure, industrial structure, regional economic structure and value chain structure. Such imbalance has serious consequences for the development of the national economy. Industrial structure theory, industrial transfer theory, structuralist development theory and polarization theory are the important theoretical sources for studying industrialization. Based on the structural imbalance perspective, China not only has some form of holistic industrialization but also has obvious regional de-industrialization. In the current international context of increasingly reemerging industrialized countries, it is of great practical significance to conduct an in-depth study of China’s industrialization issue whether it is to guard against possible future crisis or to optimize economic structure and transform economic growth mode.