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[目的]探讨黄颡鱼嗜水气单胞菌对草鱼幼鱼肝、肾和脾的影响,从而为预防鱼类细菌性疾病的相互感染及渔业生产提供依据。[方法]通过16 S rDNA基因序列分析,从患败血症的黄颡鱼脾脏中分离嗜水气单胞菌。然后,用半致死浓度的分离株感染草鱼幼鱼,取病鱼的肝、脾和肾进行组织病理切片观察。[结果]感染嗜水气单胞菌的鱼体肝、脾和肾均出现不同程度的肿大。肝呈灰白色,实质结构明显被破坏,肝血管内血细胞减少,肝细胞肿胀、浑浊;肾间质比例增大,肾小管和肾小体数量明显减少,肾小管上皮细胞肿胀、变性;脾呈暗紫色,内部大量充血,脾淋巴细胞坏死,大量的棕色“小结”充斥于整个脾脏之中。[结论]嗜水气单胞菌感染可导致草鱼幼鱼的肝、脾和肾发生不同程度的病理变化。
[Objective] To investigate the effects of Aeromonas hydrophila on the liver, kidney and spleen of young grass carp so as to provide basis for preventing the mutual infection of fish bacterial diseases and fishery production. [Method] Aeromonas hydrophila was isolated from spleens of catfish with septicemia through 16S rDNA gene sequence analysis. Then, the juvenile grass carp was inoculated with the semi-lethal concentration of isolates, and the liver, spleen and kidney of diseased fish were observed for histopathological examination. [Result] The liver, spleen and kidney of Aeromonas hydrophila showed different degrees of enlargement. Liver was gray, the actual structure was significantly damaged, intrahepatic blood cells decreased, hepatocyte swelling, turbidity; increased proportion of renal interstitium, tubules and renal tubules significantly reduced the number of renal tubular epithelial cells swelling, degeneration; spleen was dark purple , A large number of internal congestion, splenic lymphocyte necrosis, a large number of brown “Summary ” flooded the entire spleen. [Conclusion] Aeromonas hydrophila infection can lead to pathological changes of liver, spleen and kidney in juvenile grass carp.