[目的]研究运动对身体成分和骨密度的影响。[方法]随机选取体育专业并有规律运动学生50名为运动组,非体育专业并无规律运动学生50名为对照组,检测研究对象身体成分和骨密度相关指标值。[结果]性别和运动分别是影响BMI、体脂百分比、腰臀比、骨强度值、t值和Z值的因素。并且运动对体脂百分比和骨密度各指标影响差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。[结论]有规律的运动对人体骨密度有一定的影响,并起到积极作用。 [Objective] To study the effect of exercise on body composition and bone mineral density. [Methods] Fifty PE majors with regular physical exercise and 50 regular exercise majors without physical training were randomly selected as the control group, and body composition and BMD were measured. [Results] Sex and exercise were the factors affecting BMI, body fat percentage, waist-hip ratio, bone strength, t and Z values ​​respectively. And exercise on the percentage of body fat and bone mineral density indicators of the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). [Conclusion] Regular exercise has a certain influence on human bone mineral density and plays a positive role.